Let's say I have a domain http://www.xxxxxxxxx.com/ in the Allowed Sites list and this domain resolves to http://123.123.123.123/ If someone were to enter this particular site via its IP address http://123.123.123.123/, will adsense still be able to record its earning/clicks etc?
Sure, it makes no difference for Google. Why? Do you have a lot of visitors, using the IP instead of your domain name?
Web traffic coming through IP Adress will be very rare or almost zero. Even if it comes through IP adress, google adsense should be able to record the earnings.
Google will have no problem with this . You do not want to reveal your domain to your users for some reasons ??