Hi, So I've learned the 'fundamentals' of PHP, and have a good decent knowledge of the language. What I'm after are some examples of what personal projects should I work on now, to become better, and use as an example on my portfolio site I wish to set up later, to use in my resume to get a job as a Junior PHP Developer.
Create a good website to your liking! like forum, chat, CMS or one of the other milions of options. A Portfolio is a must so create things!
I think you need to learn about REST, Web Services and ORM. And lean famous frameworks like code igniter and zend. Also consider Unit testing using PHP and frontend automation tools like Selenium IDE. These are frequently use in the development.
Find out what is in demand in your area. Things like Wordpress are hot as are certain PHP frameworks like CodeIgniter and others. So you certainly should spend some time learning those things.
Install git and get a github account setup. If you don't know what that is, look it up on google and learn about it. This will allow you to host your code as open source and allow others to see and use it. You can use that as your online portfolio. A good next step after that would be to look into a framework such as Zend or CodeIgniter. Learn about MVC. Building something simple like your own CMS with CodeIgniter would be a good next step. Read their documentation regarding model(s), views, and controllers. Other things to consider would be unit testing, data structures, and design patterns. Some of that can get complex, but it would be useful to know what they are. Remember that php is just the language you are using. There is much more to application development than simply working with the language.
Now its time to test your skills as said by KsNitro use github go on php classes website pic some classes and modify them play with them in different ways
I think you would benefit a lot from reading and learning other people's code. There are many open source projects that you can learn a lot from.
Contribute some clearly defined modules/plugins/components to open source projects like WordPress, Joomla or Drupal and promote them on your site.
Foremost of all create your own profile.What you know & what you can do and as sarahk says follow the process..will do good...