What if several websites link to my site (one way link) banned by Google. Will my website ranking in Google affected?
Short answer - no. Long answer - possibly - if those links are the only links to your site, then Google won't look at you in a good light. But don't worry too much about it - any site in any reasonably competitive market has it's content scraped and spam sites set up linking to it, etc - if Google penalised all these sites then the known web would dissapear. The key to protecting to your site is to make sure you have decent links from other decent sources. Google will normally just ignore dodgy links to your site. MG
Since those are only one way links, you don't have to worry about it. Your site will not have any impact due to incoming links from banned sites at all. Reason: it's not in your control who links to you, but if you link back, that's when Google algorithm will penalize your site.
It would still be there, just not found on Google. If Google went down, would the whole web just stop working?
No but if they removed every site that had a dodgy link to it, then their index would shrivel to nothing, meaning that the vast majority of people who use Google would find nothing - which in turn is why Google wouldn't do this, which is the point I was making. Perhaps better to take it in context rather than running a mile with it hmm?