hi, have you ever tested the influence of outbound links in search engine result position? i am not talking about the obvious case of outbound links to spam sites that will make your site look spamy as well, but links to regular sites that you may do LE with.
Outbound links that are well integrated in your content and lead to trustworthy sites will not harm your rankings at all. All other options may lead to a drop in SERP.
if the links are not spammy and providing good content, why wouldn't google want to include them in their results
outbout links will not increase your serp ranking. it however helps Google define your neighborhood when you link to relevant authority sites