the short answer is simply no . true vector is created in a vector programme such as adobe illustrator by freehand. But you can have an image mirror the vector look by filters in photoshop. I cant exactly remember the steps you will need but will post when i do.
Well, if it were me, I would have a .ai or another native vector format of my design saved. That way you can resize it. Once I set the original to the size I wanted, I would go to 'Save As' and save a copy of it, with the new dimensions, as a .jpg or whatever format you need.
You can do all sorts of auto tracing on raster images to convert them into vectors. The results really depend on your source image, but you'll never get anything as nice as something made by a human doing it manually. Still, it's worth a shot. There's plenty of tracing software out there..... Try this: http://vectormagic.com/ Read this: http://www.graphicdesignforum.com/forum/showthread.php?t=41