I have some pages that have received a higher portion of the landing page from Google. I have no idea how to replicate that particular page showing up as the landing page so I'm wondering how I can limit what pages are displayed in Google's results. I don't want to use a robots.txt or alter the sitemap because I'm worried that will hurt my rankings. Any ideas? Thanks
I do not think that deep linking (and therefore deep landing) is necessarily bad, but of course it might depend on what you intend to do. Personally, if some of the pages score well and bring in traffic, I would not try to remove them, unless there is really a good reason to do so. However, if you want to get rid of those, and don't want to touch the robot.txt, try renaming the pages, and generate a 301 redirect for the old page names to your main landing page.
This landing page has a high bounce rate (almost twice that of my homepage) The page is an integral part of my site so I don't want to 301 it either. Would excluding the page from the robot.txt hurt my rankings? I just have no idea how that page is becoming the landing page in the first place. Renaming the page would not really make sense, although I could play around with the title...
If it has a high bounce rate, then perhaps you should have a look why people bounce... try to do some A/B testing. Perform a link check (e.g., in Yahoo!) and check your website logs to see where the traffic to that page is coming from. It may be a specific link, or it may be for specific keywords in the search engines. If it comes from specific links, redirect it and change the page name. If you cannot find a link, search for the keywords that drive traffic to your site and look for that particular page in the SERPs. Once you know what drives the traffic to that particular page, you can change the page to adapt to the traffic (e.g., rewording it so as to reduce the bounce rate), or target those keywords from a different location.