Could take weeks before links start showing up. Check Open Site Explorer and Majestic SEO. Better than trying to find them on google directly.
It depends where you are checking. A site like Google only shows a small portion of your backlinks and that usually doesn't include low quality links like blog comments and and forum posts. Other sites may report them within a day or two. Don't worry too much about tracking though. Just keep consistently building links and it will all snowball.
As several other members mentioned, it can take weeks. I don't think anyone has the answer on when the backlink is actually counted towards your site. Sometimes, search engines wait for the backlink to be indexed, that is a user clicks on it and is taken to your site, before they count that backlink. I suggest you just focus on creating backlinks and driving traffic to your site. Hope that helps. Have a good day!
If you are making no effort on your part, then it would take a considerable time to get backlinks. That is possible of course if you are creating good quality content on a regular basis. It is better if you do some backlinking on your own as well.
Patience is a virtue. Focus on improving the content on your blog and on manually adding some backlinks by being active online on related blogs and forums. Add your blog name and link to your signature anywhere you post. Leave your blogname and link behind all over the internet. Before you know it your backlinks will be visible in majesticseo or whatever tool you use AND as mentioned before....it will be a snowball effect. You should want to create a quality website more than get backlinks.
I think you are doing this wrong in my opinion I get them quickly and many times rank top ten as a result here try this go to google and place a keyword and only look at the top ten then look for forums, blogs any place you can find a place to contribute since they are ranking in the top ten they are getting lots and lots of traffic if you look at SEO Art Of War videos you will see how this is all automated to find these power house sites but you can do this without automation it works like gang busters every time don't abuse it, you need to do real stuff not blast it, if you are doing this you will never achieve your goals blasting spam is old and stop doing this if your still successful with spam it is short lived the last 2 google updates saw to this