I am considering move all my image files to my subdomain, for example, the original one is aaa.com/map.jpg and the new one will be bbb.aaa.com/map.jpg. Will it affect Google image rankings? Can I keep the rankings by employing 301 redirection? Or anybody can tell me a better way?
You can't redirect an image. You can only redirect the page that they are on. That is the correct way to do it. Move the entire page and all graphics to the subdomain. Google images will handle that just fine.
Yes. You can redirect images from your admin panel as any other type of file such as htm or php files. If you are using Cpanel as control panel on your server, Go to 'manage redirects' page and redirect your desired image to any other address you want.