I'm not 100% sure. But it's a blackhat thing. I think it's something to do with spamming the competitors website and over optimizing by sending too many links to their site resulting in them getting sandboxed. I think...
Yes, Google Bowling is a black hat SEO technique that is capable of decreasing a competitor’s rank in the Google Search Engine.
Google Bowling and it represents a gaping flaw in Google's system that allows your competitors to sabotage your site to the point of getting it banned or penalized.