ASP runs on IIS. Although it can be installed on Linux on ASP-Apache is mainly associated with Microsoft products which cost money. PHP runs on Apache which runs on Linux. They are all free. PHP code runs faster than ASP. PHP syntax is similar to C/C++ ASP syntax looks more like Visual Basic and you can easily pair it with code from .NET PHP is very flexible, has native functions to connect to various databases the most frequently used being MySQL. ASP mainly uses MS-SQL ...and there are many more. What do you need them for? Are you trying to decide if a website you're building is better suited to be done in PHP or ASP?
PHP is Free and Open Source. ASP is proprietary and costs money. PHP is multi-platform, which means it runs on a vast range of operating systems and servers. ASP is primarily aimed at windows servers. PHP has a much larger community, so you can get better support. PHP is not a Microsoft product, so I trust it more.
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ASP works best on the security plagued Windoze server. However, I believe there is some software that allows you to run ASP scripts on top of a real UNIX based or UNIX like system. Because PHP is open source, there are many, many, many functions built into it. Plus with pecl and PEAR there is much that can be added. php.net is easy to use to get into the documentation. The bottom line is that unless you are a hardcore windows coder, go with PHP. It's easy to learn, flexible and with an opp code cache like APC, really very fast.