Canonicalization is the process of picking the best url when there are several choices, and it usually refers to home pages. For example, most people would consider these the same urls: * www.example.com * example.com/ * www.example.com/index.html * example.com/home.asp But technically all of these urls are different. A web server could return completely different content for all the urls above. When Google “canonicalizes†a url, we try to pick the url that seems like the best representative from that set. you can further read it from that url: http://www.mattcutts.com/blog/seo-advice-url-canonicalization/
This is a duplicate content issue if you want to remove duplicate content issues from your site then you should use canonical tag which will refer to your document separately........