Search google for site with http and without if site is listed it is indexed if not it is not indexed.
I actually took over a de-indexed site and am now working to get it indexed again (it used to be some sort of blackhat site, now it's a baby site). Anyone know how long this process could take? I've resubmitted sitemaps, etc..., but still no luck getting Google to reindex it.
you can use these google ban checker sites: http://www.selfseo.com/google_ban_tool.php http://www.iwebtool.com/google_banned
How can one go about getting a page re-indexed other than Google Webmaster Tools (which isn't proving to be much help in the matter)?
The only real way to tell is if you put some links to your website and if after a period of time you still haven't been indexed then you are probably blacklisted. Requesting reconsideration in Google Webmaster Tools is the only way I know to get it re-listed. In my experience it does work but it can take time.
You have done something blackhat and were busted. You are unlikely to get it re-indexed let alone the 2k pages back. If you want the domain to still be useable, my best advice is transfer it into a friends name and change the website completely, then get them to write to Google saying the website has changed ownership and should no longer be blacklisted.