The two serves different purposes. And two same quality and trafficked sites (blog or domain) will make the same amount of money
when it comes to pay, it doesnt matter whether you have a blog or a site. all depends on your niche, content, visitors and how you optimize your site for ads
for the same niche, they should be equal. some time it depend on the ads they shows and which ads people click that make it vary.
adsense doesnt differentiate between blogs/domains. The only thing that matters is the unique content.
its depends on your traffic , contents and aslo stuff. but domain is more preferred as compare to blogs.
I will say traffic is most sufficient for more earning . If you are running tech blog and someone looking for music visited your site may be he just close that page and search for other things . So for more earning we need targeted traffic .
it really doesn't matter. Websites are in my opinion easier to optimise for search engines in the long term, but blogs can be very lucrative if you hit the right niche, especially with repeat visitors